Nginx

location

location / {
    # matched if regular expressions don't find a match
}

exact match

location =

case sensitive matching

location ~

case insensitive matching

location ~*

the longest matching prefix location has the ^~ modifier will cause nginx to stop search and choose this location

location ^~

request end with jpg or png

location ~* \.(jpg|png)$

root vs alias

# root
location /s/ {
    root /data/static/;
}
# http://example.com/s/main.js => /data/static/s/main.js
# http://example.com/s/i/not_found.png => /data/static/s/i/not_found.png

# alias
location /s/ {
    alias /data/static/;
}
# http://example.com/s/main.js => /data/static/main.js
# http://example.com/s/i/not_found.png => /data/static/i/not_found.png

error_page

internal redirect to specific uri

error_page 500 502 503 503 /50x.html;

change the response code

error_page 404 =200 /not_found.png;

named location

location / {
    error_page 404 = @not_found;
}

location @not_found {
    // do some stuff
}

Reference

• https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-password-authentication-with-nginx-on-ubuntu-14-04

• http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html